Tunnelling UDP Traffic Through An SSH Connection

Overview

This section describes how to use NST to tunnel a UDP network traffic conversation through a SSH connection. For our example we will tunnel IPMItool traffic (UDP Port: "623") through an SSH connection to a Sun Fire X4200 server's Integrated Lights Out Manager (ILOM) service processor network interface. Three systems are involved, 2 NST probes and the X4200 server. Reference information was taken from: "Performing UDP tunneling through an SSH connection".

Tunnel A TCP Forward Port Through SSH

First we need to establish the tunnel for a "non-used" TCP port from the local NST probe to the remote NST probe SSH server which shares the same LAN as the destination X4200 server.

Establish An SSH Connection With TCP Port Forwarding

[root@probe tmp]# /usr/bin/ssh -p 31222 -L 9999:localhost:9999 root@55.44.22.178;

root@55.44.22.178's password:
Last login: Thu Mar 22 11:18:59 2007 from cpe-72-222-76-188.nycaper.res.rdr.com

===============================================
= Linux Network Security Toolkit (NST v1.5.0) =
===============================================

[root@probe-biostar ~]#

In this example SSH traffic is being NATed through a firewall. The SSH filtered port at the dirty side of the firewall is: "31222". We have chosen to use TCP port forwarding for the "non-used" TCP port: "9999". The remote NST probe's IP Address is: "55.44.22.178". On the local NST probe, TCP port: "9999" is bound to the localhost (IP Address: "127.0.0.1").

Use: "nc" To Translate TCP To UDP On The SSH Server Side

On the remote NST probe (SSH server side), we need to open a port listener for TCP port: "9999" and translate all network traffic to UDP port: "623" for the IP Address assigned to the X4200 server's ILOM network interface.

We will first need to create a "fifo". The "fifo" will be necessary to maintain a two-way communication channel between the TCP port listener and the ILOM UDP port. A simple shell pipe would NOT work. It would only communicate left process' standard output to right process' standard input. We will use the Linux command: "mkfifo" to establish the "fifo".

FIFO Creation - Remote Side

[root@probe-biostar ~]# /usr/bin/mkfifo "/tmp/fifo";

[root@probe-biostar ~]# /bin/ls -al "/tmp/fifo";

prw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 22 19:37 /tmp/fifo

[root@probe-biostar ~]#

Next we will use "nc" (netcat) the "TCP/IP Swiss Army Knife" to perform the TCP/IP to UDP translation.

TCP To UDP Network Traffic Translation Using: "nc"

[root@probe-biostar ~]# /usr/bin/nc -l 9999 < "/tmp/fifo" | /usr/bin/nc -u 172.19.1.28 623 > "/tmp/fifo";

This command sequence will allow all TCP traffic on the remote NST probe for port: "9999" to be forwarded using the UDP network protocol to the X4200 server's ILOM network interface: 172.19.1.28, UDP port: "623" and receive network traffic responses back.

Use: "nc" To Translate UDP To TCP On The Local Side

Once again we will need to create a "fifo" and use the "nc" networking utility for protocol translation. The following output shows the "fifo" creation on the local side where we will run the "IPMItool" command.

FIFO Creation - Local Side

[root@probe tmp]# /usr/bin/mkfifo "/tmp/fifo";

[root@probe tmp]# /bin/ls -al "/tmp/fifo";

prw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 22 19:37 /tmp/fifo

[root@probe tmp]#

Now perform the UDP to TCP/IP translation using: "nc".

UDP To TCP Network Traffic Translation Using: "nc"

[root@probe tmp]# /usr/bin/nc -l -u 623 < "/tmp/fifo" | /usr/bin/nc 127.0.0.1 9999 > "/tmp/fifo";

This command sequence will allow all UDP traffic on the local NST probe for port: "623" (the default ILOM UDP port value) to be forwarded using the TCP network protocol to the localhost (IP Address: "127.0.0.1") listening TCP port: "9999" and receive network traffic responses back. The listening TCP IP:Port: "127.0.0.1:9999" was established during the SSH setup above.

Using the UDP Tunnel With "IPMItool"

At this point the UDP tunnel is established through the SSH envelope to the remote ILOM on the X4200 server. We will now demonstrate the use of the "IPMItool" by issuing a "IPMI Fan Status Request" command through the UDP tunnel on the local NST probe.

IPMItool: "Sun Fire X4200 Fan Status"

[root@probe tmp]# /usr/local/bin/ipmitool -I lan -H 127.0.0.1 -U root -P ********** sdr type 'Fan';

sys.fanfail      | 04h | ok  | 23.0 | Predictive Failure Deasserted
ft0.fm0.fail     | 3Eh | ok  | 29.0 | Predictive Failure Deasserted
ft0.fm1.fail     | 3Fh | ok  | 29.1 | Predictive Failure Deasserted
ft0.fm2.fail     | 40h | ok  | 29.2 | Predictive Failure Deasserted
ft1.fm0.fail     | 41h | ok  | 29.3 | Predictive Failure Deasserted
ft1.fm1.fail     | 42h | ok  | 29.4 | Predictive Failure Deasserted
ft1.fm2.fail     | 43h | ok  | 29.5 | Predictive Failure Deasserted
ft0.fm0.f0.speed | 4Ah | ok  | 29.0 | 5400 RPM
ft0.fm2.f0.speed | 4Ch | ok  | 29.1 | 5600 RPM
ft0.fm1.f0.speed | 4Bh | ok  | 29.2 | 5400 RPM
ft1.fm0.f0.speed | 4Dh | ok  | 29.3 | 5600 RPM
ft1.fm1.f0.speed | 4Eh | ok  | 29.4 | 5600 RPM
ft1.fm2.f0.speed | 4Fh | ok  | 29.5 | 5900 RPM
io.f0.speed      | 26h | ok  | 15.0 | 4200 RPM
io.f0.fail       | 27h | ok  | 15.0 | Predictive Failure Deasserted

[root@probe tmp]#

Summary

The IPMI "Fan Status" UDP request initiated at a shell prompt on a local NST probe will be sent to UDP listening port: "127.0.0.1:623" which will then be translated to TCP and forwarded to the TCP listening port: "127.0.0.1:9999". This traffic will be securely tunneled through an SSH connection to a remote NST probe which is also listening on TCP port: "127.0.0.1:9999". The traffic is then finally forwarded and translated back to UDP to the destination ILOM UDP listening port: "172.19.1.28:623" on the Sun Fire X4200 server. The resultant information is sent in reverse order back as a response to the IPMI "Fan Status" request.